The first standard in the series was ECMA-48, adopted in 1976. The ANSI standard attempted to address these problems by making a command set that all terminals would use and requiring all numeric information to be transmitted as ASCII numbers. In addition, many of these terminals required sending numbers (such as row and column) as the binary values of the characters for some programming languages, and for systems that did not use ASCII internally, it was often difficult to turn a number into the correct character. While the two terminals had identical functionality in this regard, different control sequences had to be used to invoke them.Īs these sequences were different for different terminals, elaborate libraries such as termcap ('terminal capabilities') and utilities such as tput had to be created so programs could use the same API to work with any terminal. The Hazeltine 1500 had a similar feature, invoked using ~, DC1 and then the X and Y positions separated with a comma.

One example is the VT52 terminal, which allowed the cursor to be placed at an x,y location on the screen by sending the ESC character, a Y character, and then two characters representing numerical values equal to the x,y location plus 32 (thus starting at the ASCII space character and avoiding the control characters). They are used in development, scientific, commercial text-based applications as well as bulletin board systems to offer standardized functionality.Īlthough hardware text terminals have become increasingly rare in the 21st century, the relevance of the ANSI standard persists because a great majority of terminal emulators and command consoles interpret at least a portion of the ANSI standard.Īlmost all manufacturers of video terminals added vendor-specific escape sequences to perform operations such as placing the cursor at arbitrary positions on the screen. The terminal interprets these sequences as commands, rather than text to display verbatim.ĪNSI sequences were introduced in the 1970s to replace vendor-specific sequences and became widespread in the computer equipment market by the early 1980s. Certain sequences of bytes, most starting with an ASCII escape character and a bracket character, are embedded into text. ANSI escape sequences are a standard for in-band signaling to control cursor location, color, font styling, and other options on video text terminals and terminal emulators.

Change cursor color visual studio code